Screening of Insecticides in Bats from Indiana
Abstract
This study identified insecticides that were detected in bats obtained from
Indiana’s Lake Michigan watershed. Forty bats collected from Lake, Porter and LaPorte
Counties, Indiana, were analyzed for pyrethroid, organochlorine, organophosphate and
carbamate insecticides. Additionally, brain cholinesterase activity of 332 bats from
throughout Indiana was measured and cholinesterase reactivation tests were performed.
Organochlorine pesticides (dieldrin, DDT, DDE, DDD and heptachlor epoxide) were detected
in 97.5% of the tested bats; organophosphate compounds (primarily diazinon) were detected
in 30%; pyrethroids in 12.5% and carbamates in 2.5% of the bats, respectively.
Cholinesterase determination and reactivation tests yielded both false negative and false
positive errors, which indicate that reactivation methods are not suitable for analyzing
tissues from animals that are not recently dead. These results are among the first
reported detections of pyrethroids and carbamates in bat tissues.
Indiana’s Lake Michigan watershed. Forty bats collected from Lake, Porter and LaPorte
Counties, Indiana, were analyzed for pyrethroid, organochlorine, organophosphate and
carbamate insecticides. Additionally, brain cholinesterase activity of 332 bats from
throughout Indiana was measured and cholinesterase reactivation tests were performed.
Organochlorine pesticides (dieldrin, DDT, DDE, DDD and heptachlor epoxide) were detected
in 97.5% of the tested bats; organophosphate compounds (primarily diazinon) were detected
in 30%; pyrethroids in 12.5% and carbamates in 2.5% of the bats, respectively.
Cholinesterase determination and reactivation tests yielded both false negative and false
positive errors, which indicate that reactivation methods are not suitable for analyzing
tissues from animals that are not recently dead. These results are among the first
reported detections of pyrethroids and carbamates in bat tissues.
Keywords
Insecticides, bats, exposure, sentinels