How Can We Help You?

An Exploration of What Institutional Websites Reveal About First-generation Support Services

Authors

  • Lynell S Hodge University of Central Florida
  • Amanda Wilkerson
  • Emmanuela Stanislaus

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18060/23360

Keywords:

first-generation, college students, expectancy-value theory, content analysis, rubric

Abstract

Institutional websites are powerful tools that communicate wide range of information. Providing access to higher education requires institutions to consider how services are communicated with a goal of engaging students from diverse populations. This study utilized a conceptual content analysis to review university and college websites to determine how information about support services for first-generation students is electronically communicated. The researchers constructed an evaluative study to assess 14 institutions to formulate a critique and extend the work of Eccles’s expectancy-value theory (1984), which suggests that achievement-related choices are motivated by students’ expectations for success. The results of this study found salient factors to indicate that institutions sought to provide support for first-generation students, but relevant information was not always explicitly conveyed on websites, particularly in ways most likely to engage diverse populations.

References

References

Allen, J. M., Muragishi, G. A., Smith, J. L., Thoman, D. B., & Brown, E. R. (2015). To grab and to hold: Cultivating communal goals to overcome cultural and structural barriers in first-generation college students’ science interest. Translational issues in psychological science, 1(4), 331.

Aim Higher Act of 2018, U.S.C. §§ 6543

Astin, A. W. (1991). Assessment for excellence: The philosophy and practice of assessment and evaluation in higher education. New York: McMillan.

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40.

Cabrera, A. F. & La Nasa, S. M. (2000). Understanding the college-choice process. New Directions For Institutional Research, 107, 5-22.

Cadena, B. C. & Keys, B. J. (2013). Can self-control explain avoiding free money? Evidence from interest-free student loans. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 95(4), 1117-1129.

Cataldi, E. F., Bennett, C. T., & Chen, X. (2018). First-generation students: College access, persistence, and postbachelor's outcomes. Stats in Brief. NCES 2018-421. National Center for Education Statistics.

Center for First-Generation Student Success (2017, November 20). Defining first-generation. Retrieved from https://firstgen.naspa.org/blog/defining-first-generation

Chowdhury, F. (2019). Application of rubrics in the classroom: A vital tool for improvement in assessment, feedback and learning. International Education Studies, 12(1), 61-68.

Chang, T., & Chang, R. (2004). Counseling and the internet: Asian American and Asian international college students' attitudes toward seeking online professional psychological help. Journal of College Counseling, 7(2), 140-149.

Chen, X. (2005). First-generation students in postsecondary education: A look at their college transcripts.

Corbin, J. & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Dean, D. R., & Levine, A. (2013). Digital natives, digital immigrants, and the analog campus. HigherEdJobs.com.

DeCuir-Gunby, J. T., Marshall, P. L., & McCulloch, A. W. (2011). Developing and using a codebook for the analysis of interview data: An example from a professional development research project. Field methods, 23(2), 136-155.

Dennis, J. M., Phinney, J. S., & Chuateco, L. I. (2005). The role of motivation, parental support, and peer support in the Academic success of ethnic minority first-generation college students. Journal of College Student Development, 46(9)3, 223-236.

Dynarski, S. & Scott-Clayton, J. (2013). Financial aid policy: Lessons from research. The Future of Children, 23(1), 67-91.

Eccles, J., Adler, T., & Meece, J. L. (1984). Sex differences in achievement: A test of alternate theories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(1), 26-43.

Eccles, J. S. & Wigfield, A. (2002). Motivational beliefs, values, and goals. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 109-132.

Engle, J., Bermeo, A. & O'Brien, C. (2006). Straight from the Source: What works for first-generation college students. Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education.

Engle, J. & Tinto, V. (2008). Beyond access: College success for low-income, first-generation students. Washington, DC: Pell Institute.

Friedman, Z (2018). Student loan debt statistics in 2018: A $1.5 trillion crisis. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackfriedman/2018/06/13/student-loan-debt-statistics-2018/#5ca82fc87310

Fries-Britt, S. & Griffin, K. (2007). The Black box: How high-achieving Blacks resist stereotypes about Black Americans. Journal of College Student Development, 48(5), 509-524.

Gardner, S. K. & Holley, K. A. (2011). Those invisible barriers are real: The progression of first-generation students through doctoral education. Equity & Excellence in Education, 44(1), 77-92.

Garriott, P. O. & Nisle, S. (2018). Stress, coping, and perceived academic goal progress in first-generation college students: The role of institutional supports. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 11(4), 436-450.

Greenwald, R. (2012). Think of first-generation students as pioneers, not problems. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 59, 12.

Gordon, J. & Berhow, S. (2009). University websites and dialogic features for building relationships with potential students. Public Relations Review, 35(2), 150-152.

Higher Education Act of 1965, 20 U.S.C. §§ 1096 (2017)

Hossler, D. (1999). Using the internet in college admission: Strategic choices. Journal of College Admission, 162, 12-19.

Ishitani, T. T. (2006). Studying attrition and degree completion behavior among first-generation college students in the United States. The Journal of Higher Education, 77(5), 861-885.

Jenkins, S. R., Belanger, A., Connally, M. L., Boals, A., & Durón, K. M. (2013). First‐generation undergraduate students' social support, depression, and life satisfaction. Journal of College Counseling, 16(2), 129-142.

Kantrowitz, M. (2009). Growth in cumulative education debt at college graduation. Retrieved from www.finaid.org/educators/20090730cumulativedebt.pdf

Kennedy, G. E., Judd, T. S., Churchward, A., Gray, K., & Krause, K. L. (2008). First year students' experiences with technology: Are they really digital natives?. Australasian journal of educational technology, 24(1).

Lohfink, M. M. & Paulsen, M. B. (2005). Comparing the determinants of persistence for first-generation and continuing-generation students. Journal of College Student Development, 46(4), 409-428.

Lombard, M., Snyder‐Duch, J., & Bracken, C. C. (2002). Content analysis in mass communication: Assessment and reporting of intercoder reliability. Human communication research, 28(4), 587-604.

McGregor, Loretta N., Mechelle A. Mayleben, Victoria L. Buzzanga, and Stephen F. Davis. "Selected personality characteristics of first-generation college students." College Student Journal (1991).

Mehta, S. S., Newbold, J. J., & O'Rourke, M. A. (2011). Why do first-generation students fail? College Student Journal, 45(1), 20-36.

Myers, K. A. (2008). The “virtual face” of institutions: What do home pages reveal about higher education? Innovation Higher Education, 33, 141-157.

Nacar, R. & Burnaz, S. (2011). A cultural content analysis of multinational companies’ web sites. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 14(3), 274–288.

Nantel, J. and Glaser, E. (2008). The impact of language and culture on perceived website usability. Journal of Engineering & Technology Management, 25, 112-22.

National Association for College Admission Counseling (2018). State of College Admission Report. Arlington, VA: National Association for College Admission Counseling.

National College Access Network. (2019). The growing gap: Public higher education’s declining affordability for low income students. Washington, DC: Bill DeBaun, Carrie Warick.

Nunez, A. M. & Cuccaro-Alamin, S. (1998). First-Generation students: Undergraduates whose parents never enrolled in postsecondary education (NCES 98-082). Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs98/98082.pdf

O’Leary, Z. (2014). The essential guide to doing your research project (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Pascarella, E. T., Pierson, C. T., Wolniak, G. C., & Terenzini, P. T. (2004). First-generation college students: Additional evidence on college experiences and outcomes. The Journal of Higher Education, 75(3), 249-284.

Poock, M. C. & LeFond, D. (2001). How college-bound prospects perceive university web sites: Findings, implications, and turning browsers into applicants. College and University, 77(1), 15-21.

Popham, W.J. 1997. What’s wrong – and what’s right – with rubrics. Educational Leadership, 55(2): 72–5.

Portnoi, L.M. & Kwong, T.M. (2011). Enhancing the academic experiences of first-generation master’s students. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 48(4), 411–427.

Portnoi, L. M. & Kwong, T. M. (2019). Employing resistance and resilience in pursuing K-12 schooling and higher education: Lived experiences of successful female first-generation students of color. Urban Education, 54(3), 430-458.

Redford, J. & Hoyer, K. M. (2017). First-Generation and Continuing-Generation College Students: A Comparison of High School and Postsecondary Experiences. Stats in Brief. NCES 2018-009. National Center for Education Statistics.

Rubio, L., Mireles, C., Jones, Q., & Mayse, M. (2017). Identifying issues surrounding first-generation students, American Journal of Undergraduate Research, 14(1), 5-10.

Terenzini, P. T., Springer, L., Yaeger, P. M., Pascarella, E. T., & Nora, A. (1996). First-generation college students: Characteristics, experiences, and cognitive development. Research in Higher Education, 37(1), 1-22.

Saenz, V. B., Hurtado, S., Barrera, D., Wolf, D., & Yeung, F. (2007). Los Angeles. CA: Higher Education Research Institute.

Seay, S. E., Lifton, E. E., Wuensch, K. L., Bradshaw, L. K., & McDowelle, J. O. (2008). First-generation graduate students and attrition risks. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 56(3), 11-25.

Silvestri, L. & Oescher, J. (2006). Using rubrics to increase the reliability of assessment in health classes International Electronic Journal of Health Education, 9, 25-30.

Strayhorn, T. L. (2008). How college students’ engagement affects personal and social learning outcomes. Journal of College and Character, 10(2), 1-16.

Stebleton, M. & Soria, K. (2013). Breaking down barriers: Academic obstacles of first-generation students at research universities.

Stebleton, M. J., Soria, K. M., & Huesman, R. L. (2011). First-generation students’ sense of belonging, mental health, and use of counseling services at public research universities. Journal of College Counseling, 17, 6-20.

Stephens, N. M., Fryberg, S. A., Markus, H. R., Johnson, C. S., & Covarrubias, R. (2012). Unseen disadvantage: American universities’ focus on independence undermines the academic performance of first-generation college students. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1178-1197.

Tym, C., McMillion, R., Barone, S., & Webster, J. (2004). First-generation college students: A literature review. Texas Guaranteed Student Loan Corporation. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.fiu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED542505&site=eds-live

Warburton, E. C., Bugarin, R., & Nunez, A. M. (2001). Bridging the Gap: Academic Preparation and Postsecondary Success of First-Generation Students. Statistical Analysis Report. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports.

Whitley, S. E., Benson, G., & Wesaw, A. (2018). First-generation student success: A landscape analysis of programs and services at four-year institutions. NASPA - Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education. Retrieved from https://firstgen.naspa.org/2018-landscape-analysis#fullreport

Wilson, E. V. (2004). A standards framework for academic e-advising services. International Journal of Services and Standards, 1(1), 69-82.

Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Downloads

Published

2020-02-21

Issue

Section

Articles